HZT 4UE: Theory of Knowledge
Summer 2011 Art Assignment

Art as a Way of Knowing
What is art? Art offers insights into the human condition - N. Alchin

To complete this assignment, you need to go the National Gallery of Canada on Sussex Drive . You should leave yourself about three hours to be in the gallery. You will be visiting  only the permanent collection. The entrance fee to the permanent collection $4.00 for youths. The museum is open late only on Thursdays and after 5pm on that day, it is free. If you choose to go into the Caravaggio Exhibit, it will cost you an additional three dollars. I recommend you go in to see Caravaggio, but it is not required to complete this assignment.

The RUBRIC for the assignment

Answer the following questions:

Initial Reaction

1. As you approach the art gallery, you will see a large, spindly sculpture outside the main doors. It is of a spider with a sac of eggs under its abdomen.
(a) What is your initial reaction upon seeing this piece?
(b) Do you think initial reaction is a very important quality in art?

Be sure to walk around the work, under the work and to touch the work.
(c) Has your reaction to this work changed?

Louise Bourgeoise is the artist of this piece. Look beside one of the main doors to find out what it is called.
(e) Do you believe the piece is appropriately titled? Why or why not?

(f) Do you believe that having possible varied responses to this work is a weakness or a strength?
(g) What if the work inspires an emotional response completely different from the intentions of the artist? Does this make the artwork more or less successful? Explain your answer.

Go into the museum, pay your admission. After paying, walk up the ramp to the atrium.

Go into gallery A101- FIRST FLOOR- Canadian Art.

Art through the Years

2. As you move from A102 to A112, the nature of these Canadian works of art changes. Paying special attention to EACH of the following aspects: (a) subject (what the painting is about), (b) style, (c) use of colour (d) use of materials and (e) brushstrokes, and (f) size (how large it is). For each aspect, describe how you notice Canadian art has changed through history.

Finding Meaning in Art

3. Art asks us to find our own meaning at times. Find any painting in the Gallery A111.
(a) How is the artist trying to convey meaning?

(b) What is your interpretation that piece?

Nature, Mathematics and Art
After you are through gallery A114, go into the garden. There is a metal piece of art which looks like DNA. You are allowed to play with this if you choose. Look at the plants more closely.

4. (a) Is nature itself art? If so, does that mean everything is art?

Pictures of ferns have been created by artists using mathematical patterns from chaos theory called fractals.
(b) Do you think computers can create REAL art on their own, or are people required to create art?

Architecture
Next to the fern garden is the now reconstructed Rideau Street Convent Chapel. Sit in it for a moment to rest.

5. (a) Do you think this chapel has a rightful place in an art gallery? Why or why not?
(b) What qualities do you think buildings need to be called good architecture?
(c) Excluding Parliament Hill, Chateau Laurier, Supreme Court of Canada, the National Gallery of Canada, museums, or any other government building - Name one building in Ottawa you consider art and one building you think is not art. Explain.

 

 

Art and Society 

6. Visit the Indigenous Art Collection – GROUND FLOOR.

(a) Why do you think this collection is separate from the “Canadian Art” collection? 

(b) Art often gives us information about society. Using any two different pieces of indigenous art, what social commentary do you think the artists may be trying to suggest? Make sure you name the works of art in your answers.

 (c) All art – whether it be visual, music, literature, film, etc. – is affected by the specific cultural climate in which it is produced (time, place, social conventions, etc.) and is often created in reaction to “movements” or styles that came before it.  How important is it to know these sorts of historical details to appreciate a work of art?

Go upstairs to the Contemporary Art section

What is ‘Good’ Art?
7. As you wander through the contemporary galleries on the first or second floor, select a work of art that leaves you puzzled at best. Write down the title and the artist. Research the piece at the library or on the internet, or speak to an art expert to understand the artist and the intended message.
(a) Does this new information change your appreciation for the piece? Explain by referring specifically to the artist’s intention and the specific work.

In your contemporary gallery wanderings, choose two pieces of work you consider to be ‘good’ and two you consider bad art.
(b) Identify the pieces and state the criteria you consider to be important in making ‘good’ contemporary art.

(c) If the artworks you were looking at weren’t part of a national collection and within a purpose-built gallery designed by an internationally recognized architect would you still view them the same way?  Who do you think makes the decisions of what appears in National Gallery exhibits? 

Find another different work of art somewhere in the contemporary galleries which you feel drawn to. Write down the name and artist. Upon your return home, visit CyberMuse, the National Gallery’s virtual collection online, http://cybermuse.gallery.ca/cybermuse/home_e.jsp (Note that not all works are available via Cybermuse so make sure to have considered a few.)

  (d) Do you have the same reactions to the works online as you did viewing them in person?  What’s missing?  Is this important in viewing art?  Can we have the same understanding of something filtered through a “virtual experience” as exposed to actually experience it in person?

If you are not upstairs already, proceed to the second level gallery into the European and American sections of the permanent collection. Many of the style, colour, subject, brushstroke and materials patterns displayed in the Canadian galleries below are replicated here. In these galleries are many important works of art by some of the most famous artists in the world.

Experiencing Art
8.
A work of art to experience is the ‘infamous’ Voice of Fire by Barnett Newman in C214. Stare at either blue edge of the painting (where they meet the wall) until a bright white line starts to come into view. This can take a minute or two. Then look at the red stripe in the middle…
(a) Did you see the ‘voice of fire’?
(b) If you did not, does that make the work of art less great?

(c) Do you think commercial value of a work of art affects how we view it?  Barnett Newman’s Voice of Fire  was bought by the Gallery in 1989 for $1.8 million and created a lot of controversy as the National Gallery is publicly funded by tax dollars.  Does your knowledge of its purchase price affect how you view it?  If it had been bought for only $1000 from an unknown artist would you have the same feelings about it?

 

Artistic Reputation - These questions may all be answered using the Caravaggio exhibit, if you so wish...


9.
Browse through the works of art from some of the galleries (or Caravaggio) near ‘Voice of Fire’ (but not the gallery it is in) -
(a) Write down the name of the most famous artist (to you).
(b) Do you think the famous artist’s work is superior to the less famous artists in the same room? If not, whose work is better?
(c) Why are some artists more famous than others?
(d) Do you think an artist’s fame and reputation is important in how people judge art?

(e) Do you think it matters if an artist is recognized in her or his lifetime?  Do you think commercial success affects the pieces that an artist would make?  Does this affect the art as “art” or does it become a “product”?

Final question
10.
If your portrait were to be displayed in this Art Gallery, what would be your preferred time period and media? Why? Describe how it would look and any specific details you would include.

The most important aspect of this summer assignment is not to turn everybody in the IB program into art specialists but to ask that each student spend some time sincerely exploring and considering art as an area of knowledge. Individual opinions and answers are essential here. Each student’s reflections can be as valid as the next.

P.S. The assignment is due at the start of the first week of October. If you have difficulty completing the assignment because you were out of town the whole summer, then you have time to finish it in September.